Marxism–Leninism: Difference between revisions

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=== Third Phase (1959 - 1973) ===
=== Third Phase (1959 - 1973) ===


=== Fourth Phase (1973 - 1987) ===
=== Fourth Phase (1973 - 1989) ===
This period saw the rapid rise of Marxist-Leninist governments in Africa and Asia, with the power of Marxist-Leninism peaking in August and September 1983 when Marxist-Leninists had full control of 30 governments. Public support for Marxist-Leninism also peaked around this time as numerous [[Terrorism|terrorist]] and revolutionary groups formed to try and overthrow their governments, with very little success.


=== Fifth Phase (1987 - 1992) ===
During this period, the first two collapses of Marxist-Leninist governments in history occurred. In 1983, the [[US Invasion of Grenada|US invaded Grenada]] after taking advantage of an internal power struggle, and in 1987 the [[Timeline of US Imperialism|US]], [[Timeline of French Imperialism|France]] and [[Socialist Libya|Libya]] worked together to oust the [[Socialist Burkina Faso|Marxist-Leninist government of Burkina Faso]]. This would become a dark foreshadowing of what is to come.
The fifth phase signaled the collapse of the majority of Marxist-Leninist governments and the abandoning of command economies in favour of market economies which coincided with a [[Revolutions of 1986 - 1995|global revolutionary wave]] against [[authoritarianism]] and the rise of [[neoliberalism]] and [[Representative Democracy|representative democracy]].
 
=== Fifth Phase (1989 - 1992) ===
The fifth phase signaled the collapse of the majority of Marxist-Leninist governments and the continuation of the abandoning of command economies in favour of market economies which coincided with a [[Revolutions of 1986 - 1995|global revolutionary wave]] against [[authoritarianism]] and the rise of [[neoliberalism]] and [[Representative Democracy|representative democracy]].


The only Marxist-Leninist governments to have survived the fifth phase are in [[China]], [[Vietnam]], [[Cuba]], [[North Korea]] and [[Laos]].
The only Marxist-Leninist governments to have survived the fifth phase are in [[China]], [[Vietnam]], [[Cuba]], [[North Korea]] and [[Laos]].

Revision as of 14:47, 18 December 2019

Marxism–Leninism is a communist/authoritarian socialist philosophy with a... complex history. It's the idea that most people think of when they hear the word 'communism'.

History

Precursors

First Phase (1917 - 1941)

Second Phase (1941 - 1959)

Third Phase (1959 - 1973)

Fourth Phase (1973 - 1989)

This period saw the rapid rise of Marxist-Leninist governments in Africa and Asia, with the power of Marxist-Leninism peaking in August and September 1983 when Marxist-Leninists had full control of 30 governments. Public support for Marxist-Leninism also peaked around this time as numerous terrorist and revolutionary groups formed to try and overthrow their governments, with very little success.

During this period, the first two collapses of Marxist-Leninist governments in history occurred. In 1983, the US invaded Grenada after taking advantage of an internal power struggle, and in 1987 the US, France and Libya worked together to oust the Marxist-Leninist government of Burkina Faso. This would become a dark foreshadowing of what is to come.

Fifth Phase (1989 - 1992)

The fifth phase signaled the collapse of the majority of Marxist-Leninist governments and the continuation of the abandoning of command economies in favour of market economies which coincided with a global revolutionary wave against authoritarianism and the rise of neoliberalism and representative democracy.

The only Marxist-Leninist governments to have survived the fifth phase are in China, Vietnam, Cuba, North Korea and Laos.

Sixth Phase (1992 - Present)

With the majority of Marxist-Leninist governments gone, the remaining five have managed to survive until the present day, with all engaging in market reforms except North Korea. Most of the world's Marxist-Leninist groups either fell apart, dismantled themselves, or switched to libertarian socialism or social democracy.

Marxist-Leninist Concepts

Aggravation of Class Struggle under Socialism

Anti-Fascism

Anti-Imperialism

Central Planning

Collective Leadership

Collectivization

Commanding Heights of the Economy

Democratic Centralism

Dialectical Logic

Dialectical Materialism

Labour Aristocracy

Atheism

Feminism

One-Party State

Orthodox Marxism

People's Democracy

Popular Front

Internationalism

Self-Criticism

Social Fascism

Socialism in One Country

Socialist Patriotism

Theory of Productive Forces

Third Period

Vanguardism

Wars of National Liberation

Guevarism

Ho Chi Minh Thought

Hoxhaism

Husakism

Kadarism

Khrushchevism

Maoism

Titoism

Stalinism

Marxist-Leninism in Practice

Marxist-Leninist Countries

Marxist-Leninist Groups

Legal and Active

Legal and Defunct

Illegal and Active

  • Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Iran), 1963 - 1980

Illegal and Defunct

Data on Marxist-Leninism

  • Marxist-Leninist regimes last 36.4 years on average, 15.5 years in Africa, 47.3 years in Asia, 46.3 years in Europe and 25 years in Latin America.
  • Marxist-Leninist regimes consistently oppose elections, freedom of media and often result in above average amounts of environmental destruction and shortages of consumer goods. However, they tend to develop good educational and healthcare systems and expand women's rights.
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